Many events are classified under exceptional items. Predominantly they deal with Disinvestment activity of businesses. For large groups, closure of plants, provisions for restructuring, etc. tend to happen every year in different divisions or countries. In some sectors, exceptional items are an intrinsic part of the business. In these cases, exceptional items should be analysed as Recurrent items and as such be included in Operating profit. For smaller companies, exceptional items tend to be one-off items and as such should be seen as non-Recurrent items.

(See Chapter 3 Earnings of the Vernimmen)

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